Получение этих 2 ошибки в C++ (DirectX)

Question

I'm в настоящее время работает на D3D видеообработки и i'm получаю эти ошибки:

1.) ПЕРВАЯ ОШИБКА

2.) ВТОРАЯ ОШИБКА

ЗА РЕКОМЕНДУЕМ я буду очень благодарен :) + оШИБКИ помечаются в коде AS // 1. ERROR -> и //2.ERROR -> //

DXApp.cpp

#include "DXApp.h" 
#include <d3dcommon.h> 

namespace 
{ 
    //USED TO FORWARD MSGS TO USER DEFINED PROC FUNCTION // 
    DXApp* g_pApp = nullptr; 
} 

LRESULT CALLBACK MainWndProc(HWND hwnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) 
{ 
    if (g_pApp) return g_pApp->MsgProc(hwnd, msg, wParam, lParam); 
    else return DefWindowProc(hwnd, msg, wParam, lParam); 
} 


DXApp::DXApp(HINSTANCE hInstance) 
{ 
    m_hAppInstance = hInstance; 
    m_hAppWnd = NULL; 
    m_ClientHeight = 800; 
    m_ClientWidth = 600; 
    m_AppTitle = "DX11 APP"; 
    m_WndStyle = WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW; 

    m_pDevice = nullptr; 
    m_pImmediateContext = nullptr; 
    m_pRenderTargetView = nullptr; 
    m_pSwapChain = nullptr; 
} 

DXApp::~DXApp() 
{ 
} 

int DXApp::Run() 
{ 
    //MAIN MESSAGE LOOP// 
    MSG msg = { 0 }; 
    while (WM_QUIT != msg.message) 
    { 
     if (PeekMessage(&msg, NULL, NULL, NULL, PM_REMOVE)) 
     { 
      TranslateMessage(&msg); 
      DispatchMessage(&msg); 
     } 
     else 
     { 
      //UPDATE..// 
      Update(0.0f); 
      //RENDER// 
      Render(0.0f); 
     } 
    } 
    return static_cast<int>(msg.wParam); 
} 

bool DXApp::Init() 
{ 
    if (!InitWindow()) 
     return false; 

    return true; 
} 

bool DXApp::InitWindow() 
{ 
    //WNDCLASSGENDER 
    WNDCLASSEX wcex; 
    ZeroMemory(&wcex, sizeof(WNDCLASSEX)); 
    wcex.cbClsExtra = 0; 
    wcex.cbWndExtra = 0; 
    wcex.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX); 
    wcex.style = CS_VREDRAW | CS_HREDRAW; 
    wcex.hInstance = m_hAppInstance; 
    wcex.lpfnWndProc = MainWndProc; 
    wcex.hIcon = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION); 
    wcex.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW); 
    wcex.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)GetStockObject(NULL_BRUSH); 
    wcex.lpszMenuName = NULL; 
    wcex.lpszClassName = "DXAPPWNDCLASS"; 
    wcex.hIconSm = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION); 

    if (!RegisterClassEx(&wcex)) 
    { 
     OutputDebugString("\nFAILED TO CREATE WINDOW CLASS !\n"); 
     return false; 
    } 

    RECT r = { 0, 0, m_ClientWidth, m_ClientHeight }; 
    AdjustWindowRect(&r, m_WndStyle, FALSE); 
    UINT width = r.right - r.left; 
    UINT height = r.bottom - r.top; 

    UINT x = GetSystemMetrics(SM_CXSCREEN)/2 - width/2; 
    UINT y = GetSystemMetrics(SM_CYSCREEN)/2 - height/2; 

    m_hAppWnd = CreateWindow("DXAPPWNDCLASS", m_AppTitle.c_str(), m_WndStyle, 
     x, y, width, height, NULL, NULL, m_hAppInstance, NULL); 
    if (!m_hAppWnd) 
    { 
     OutputDebugString("\nFAILED TO CREATE WINDOW CLASS !\n"); 
     return false; 
    } 

    ShowWindow(m_hAppWnd, SW_SHOW); 

    return true; 
} 

bool DXApp::InitDirect3D() 
{ 
    UINT createDeviceFlags = 0; 

#ifdef _DEBUG 
    createDeviceFlags |= D3D11_CREATE_DEVICE_DEBUG; 
#endif // _DEBUG 

    D3D_DRIVER_TYPE driverTypes[] = 
    { 
     D3D_DRIVER_TYPE_HARDWARE, 
     D3D_DRIVER_TYPE_WARP, 
     D3D_DRIVER_TYPE_REFERENCE 
    }; 
    UINT numDriverTypes = ARRAYSIZE(driverTypes); 

    D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL featureLevels[] = 
    { 
     D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL_11_0, 
     D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL_10_1, 
     D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL_10_0, 
     D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL_9_3, 
    }; 
    UINT numFeatureLevels = ARRAYSIZE(featureLevels); 

    DXGI_SWAP_CHAIN_DESC swapDesc; 
    ZeroMemory(&swapDesc, sizeof(DXGI_SWAP_CHAIN_DESC)); 
    swapDesc.BufferCount = 1; //Double buffer 0 = 1, 1 = 2 
    swapDesc.BufferDesc.Width = m_ClientWidth; 
    swapDesc.BufferDesc.Height = m_ClientHeight; 
    swapDesc.BufferDesc.Format = DXGI_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM; 
    swapDesc.BufferDesc.RefreshRate.Numerator = 60; 
    swapDesc.BufferDesc.RefreshRate.Denominator = 1; 
    swapDesc.BufferUsage = DXGI_USAGE_RENDER_TARGET_OUTPUT; 
    swapDesc.OutputWindow = m_hAppWnd; 
    swapDesc.SwapEffect = DXGI_SWAP_EFFECT_DISCARD; 
    swapDesc.Windowed = true; 
    swapDesc.SampleDesc.Count = 1; 
    swapDesc.SampleDesc.Quality = 0; 
    swapDesc.Flags = DXGI_SWAP_CHAIN_FLAG_ALLOW_MODE_SWITCH; //FULLSCREEN CEZ ALT-ENTER 

    HRESULT result; 
    for (int i = 0; i < numDriverTypes; ++i) 
    { 
     D3D11CreateDeviceAndSwapChain(NULL, driverTypes[i], NULL, createDeviceFlags, 
      featureLevels, numFeatureLevels, D3D11_SDK_VERSION, &swapDesc, &m_pSwapChain, &m_pDevice, 
      //1.ERROR-->// &featureLevels, &m_pImmediateContext); 
     if (SUCCEEDED(result)) 
     { 
      //2.ERROR-->// m_DriverType = driverTypes[i]; 
      break; 
     } 
    } 
} 

LRESULT DXApp::MsgProc(HWND hwnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) 
{ 
    switch (msg) 
    { 
    case WM_DESTROY: 
      PostQuitMessage(0); 
      return 0; 

    default: 
     return DefWindowProc(hwnd, msg, wParam, lParam); 
    } 
} 

DXApp.h

#pragma once 
#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN 
#include <Windows.h> 
#include <string> 
#include "DXUtil.h" 

class DXApp 
{ 
public: 
    DXApp(HINSTANCE hInstance); 
    virtual ~DXApp(void); 

    //MAIN APP LOOP// 
    int Run(); 

    //FRAMEWORK// 
    virtual bool Init(); 
    virtual void Update(float dt) = 0; 
    virtual void Render(float dt) = 0; 
    virtual LRESULT MsgProc(HWND hwnd, UINT msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam); 

protected: 

    //WIN 32 ATTRIBUTES// 
    HWND   m_hAppWnd; 
    HINSTANCE  m_hAppInstance; 
    UINT   m_ClientWidth; 
    UINT   m_ClientHeight; 
    std::string  m_AppTitle; 
    DWORD   m_WndStyle; 

    //DirectX ATTRIBUTES// 
    ID3D11Device*    m_pDevice; 
    ID3D11DeviceContext*  m_pImmediateContext; 
    IDXGISwapChain*    m_pSwapChain; 
    ID3D11RenderTargetView*  m_pRenderTargetView; 
    D3D_DRIVER_TYPE*   m_DriverType; 
    D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL*   m_FeatureLevel; 
    D3D11_VIEWPORT*    m_Viewport; 

protected: 

    //INIT WIN32 WINDOW// 
    bool InitWindow(); 

    //INIT DirectX 
    bool InitDirect3D(); 

}; 

DXUtil.h

#pragma once 
#include <d3d11.h> 

#pragma comment(lib, "d3d11.lib") 

namespace Memory 
{ 
    template <class T> void SafeDelete(T& t) 
    { 
     if (t) 
     { 
      delete t; 
      t = nullptr; 
     } 
    } 

    template <class T> void SafeDeleteArr(T& t) 
    { 
     if (t) 
     { 
      delete[]; 
      t = nullptr; 
     } 
    } 

    template <class T> void SafeRelease(T& t) 
    { 
     if (t) 
     { 
      t->Release(); 
      t = nullptr; 

     } 
    } 
} 

winmain.cpp

#include "DXApp.h" 

class TestApp : public DXApp 
{ 
public: 
    TestApp(HINSTANCE hInstance); 
    ~TestApp(); 

    bool Init() override; 
    void Update(float dt) override; 
    void Render(float dt) override; 
}; 

TestApp::TestApp(HINSTANCE hInstance) : DXApp(hInstance) 
{ 

} 

TestApp::~TestApp() 
{ 

} 

bool TestApp::Init() 
{ 
    if (!DXApp::Init()) 
     return false; 

    return true; 
} 

void TestApp::Update(float dt) 
{ 

} 

void TestApp::Render(float dt) 
{ 

} 

int WINAPI WinMain(__in HINSTANCE hInstance, __in_opt HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, __in LPSTR lpCmdLine, __in int nShowCmd) 
{ 
    TestApp tApp(hInstance); 

    if (!tApp.Init()) return 1; 

    return tApp.Run(); 
} 

Answer 1

Я предлагаю вам начать с некоторыми основными учебниками по C/C++, как использовать указатели, передавать значения по значению, и передавать значение ссылочного/указателем. Эти проблемы не имеют ничего общего с DirectX.

D3D_DRIVER_TYPE*   m_DriverType; 
D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL*   m_FeatureLevel; 
D3D11_VIEWPORT*    m_Viewport; 

Эти объявления переменных должны быть значения, а не указатели:

D3D_DRIVER_TYPE    m_DriverType; 
D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL   m_FeatureLevel; 
D3D11_VIEWPORT    m_Viewport; 

и код должен быть:

HRESULT result; 
for (int i = 0; i < numDriverTypes; ++i) 
{ 
    result = D3D11CreateDeviceAndSwapChain(NULL, driverTypes[i], NULL, createDeviceFlags, 
     featureLevels, numFeatureLevels, D3D11_SDK_VERSION, &swapDesc, &m_pSwapChain, 
     &m_pDevice, &m_FeatureLevel, &m_pImmediateContext); 
    if (SUCCEEDED(result)) 
    { 
     m_DriverType = driverTypes[i]; 
     break; 
    } 
} 

Он смотрит на меня, как вы используете несколько устарели руководство. Вы должны взглянуть на DirectX Tool Kit tutorials.