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В настоящее время я пытаюсь создать игру для школьного задания, настраивая таймеры для некоторых событий на одном из моих уровней, но «UnboundLocalError» продолжает появляться, Не знаю, как это исправить. Я прочитал несколько других сообщений, где вы можете установить переменную как глобальную, но я пробовал это в нескольких местах, и это все равно дает мне ту же ошибку. Мы используем python 3.4.3.UnboundLocalError: локальная переменная 'event', на которую ссылаются перед присваиванием [PYGAME]
Вот мой код:
import pygame
import random
import sys
import time
import os
#Global Colours and Variables
BLACK = (0, 0, 0)
RED = (255, 0, 0)
GREEN = (0, 255, 0)
DARKGREEN = (0, 155, 0)
DARKGRAY = (40, 40, 40)
BLUE = (23, 176, 199)
WHITE = (255, 255, 255)
WIDTH = 640
HEIGHT = 480
TILE_SIZE = 32
NUM_TILES_WIDTH = WIDTH//TILE_SIZE
NUM_TILES_HEIGHT = HEIGHT//TILE_SIZE
COUNT = 10
COOKIEVENT = pygame.USEREVENT
pygame.time.set_timer(COOKIEVENT, 3000)
REVENT = pygame.USEREVENT + 3
pygame.time.set_timer(REVENT, 5000)
PEVENT = pygame.USEREVENT + 2
pygame.time.set_timer(PEVENT ,5000)
# - level 1 -
MAXHEALTH = 3
SCORE = 0
grave = pygame.sprite.Sprite()
#Global Definitions
candies = pygame.sprite.OrderedUpdates()
def add_candy(candies):
candy = pygame.sprite.Sprite()
candy.image = pygame.image.load('cookie.png')
candy.rect = candy.image.get_rect()
candy.rect.left = random.randint(1, 19)*32
candy.rect.top = random.randint(1, 13)*32
candies.add(candy)
for i in range(10):
add_candy(candies)
# OPENING SCREEN DEFINITIONS
def showStartScreen():
screen.fill((DARKGRAY))
StartFont = pygame.font.SysFont('Browallia New', 20, bold = False, italic = False)
first_image = StartFont.render("Instructions: Eat all the good cookies!", True, (255, 255, 255))
second_image = StartFont.render("Raccoon and purple cookies will kill you!", True, (255, 255, 255))
third_image = StartFont.render("Collect potions to regain HP!", True, (255, 255, 255))
first_rect = first_image.get_rect(centerx=WIDTH/2, centery=100)
second_rect = second_image.get_rect(centerx=WIDTH/2, centery=120)
third_rect = third_image.get_rect(centerx=WIDTH/2, centery=140)
screen.blit(first_image, first_rect)
screen.blit(second_image, second_rect)
screen.blit(third_image, third_rect)
while True:
drawPressKeyMsg()
if checkForKeyPress():
pygame.event.get()
return
pygame.display.update()
def showlevel2StartScreen():
screen.fill((DARKGRAY))
StartFont = pygame.font.SysFont('Browallia New', 20, bold = False, italic = False)
title_image = StartFont.render("Instructions: Eat all the cookies before the timer runs out!", True, (255, 255, 255))
title_rect = title_image.get_rect(centerx=WIDTH/2, centery=100)
screen.blit(title_image, title_rect)
while True:
drawPressKeyMsg()
if checkForKeyPress():
pygame.event.get()
return
pygame.display.update()
def drawPressKeyMsg():
StartFont = pygame.font.SysFont('Browallia New', 20, bold = False, italic = False)
pressKeyScreen = StartFont.render('Press any key to play.', True, WHITE)
pressKeyRect = pressKeyScreen.get_rect(centerx=WIDTH/2, centery=160)
screen.blit(pressKeyScreen, pressKeyRect)
def checkForKeyPress():
if len(pygame.event.get(pygame.QUIT)) > 0:
terminate()
keyUpEvents = pygame.event.get(pygame.KEYUP)
if len(keyUpEvents) == 0:
return None
if keyUpEvents[0] == pygame.K_ESCAPE:
terminate()
return keyUpEvents[0].key
def getRandomLocation():
return {'x': random.randint(0, TILE_SIZE - 1), 'y': random.randint(0, TILE_SIZE - 1)}
def terminate():
pygame.quit()
sys.exit()
# LEVEL 1 DEFINITIONS
pcandies = pygame.sprite.OrderedUpdates()
def add_candie(pcandies):
candy = pygame.sprite.Sprite()
candy.image = pygame.image.load('cookie.png')
candy.rect = candy.image.get_rect()
pcandy = pygame.sprite.Sprite()
pcandy.image = pygame.image.load('pcookie.png')
pcandy.rect = pcandy.image.get_rect()
pcandy.rect.left = random.randint(1, 19)*32
pcandy.rect.top = random.randint(1, 13)*32
candycollides = pygame.sprite.groupcollide(pcandies, candies, False, True)
while len(candycollides) > 0:
pcandies.remove(pcandy)
pcandy.rect.left = random.randint(1, 19)*32
pcandy.rect.top = random.randint(1, 13)*32
pcandies.add(pcandy)
for i in range (5):
add_candie(pcandies)
raccoons = pygame.sprite.GroupSingle()
def add_raccoon(raccoon):
raccoon = pygame.sprite.Sprite()
raccoon.image = pygame.image.load('enemy.gif')
raccoon.rect = raccoon.image.get_rect()
raccoon.rect.left = random.randint(1, 19)*32
raccoon.rect.top = random.randint(1, 13)*32
raccoon.add(raccoons)
potions = pygame.sprite.GroupSingle()
def add_potion(potion):
potion = pygame.sprite.Sprite()
potion.image = pygame.image.load('potion.gif')
potion.rect = potion.image.get_rect()
potion.rect.left = random.randint(1, 20)*32
potion.rect.top = random.randint(1, 13)*32
potion.add(potions)
#Classes
class Wall(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
def __init__(self, x, y, width, height, color):
""" Constructor function """
#Call the parent's constructor
super().__init__()
self.image = pygame.screen([width, height])
self.image.fill(BLUE)
self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
self.rect.y = y
self.rect.x = x
class Room():
#Each room has a list of walls, and of enemy sprites.
wall_list = None
candies = None
def __init__(self):
self.wall_list = pygame.sprite.Group()
self.candies = pygame.sprite.Group
class Player(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
# Set speed vector
change_x = 0
change_y = 0
def __init__(self, x, y):
super().__init__()
#Setting up main character + Adding image/properties to hero!
player = pygame.sprite.Sprite()
player.image = pygame.image.load('rabbit.png')
player_group = pygame.sprite.GroupSingle(hero)
player.rect = player.image.get_rect()
player.rect.y = y
player.rect.x = x
def changespeed(self, x, y):
""" Change the speed of the player. Called with a keypress. """
player.change_x += x
player.change_y += y
def move(self, walls):
""" Find a new position for the player """
# Move left/right
player.rect.x += player.change_x
# Did this update cause us to hit a wall?
block_hit_list = pygame.sprite.spritecollide(player, walls, False)
for block in block_hit_list:
# If we are moving right, set our right side to the left side of
# the item we hit
if player.change_x > 0:
player.rect.right = block.rect.left
else:
# Otherwise if we are moving left, do the opposite.
player.rect.left = block.rect.right
# Move up/down
player.rect.y += player.change_y
# Check and see if we hit anything
block_hit_list = pygame.sprite.spritecollide(self, walls, False)
for block in block_hit_list:
# Reset our position based on the top/bottom of the object.
if player.change_y > 0:
player.rect.bottom = block.rect.top
else:
player.rect.top = block.rect.bottom
class levelwalls(Room):
def __init__(self):
Room.__init__(self)
#Make the walls. (x_pos, y_pos, width, height)
# This is a list of walls. Each is in the form [x, y, width, height]
walls = [[0, 0, 20, 250, WHITE],
[0, 350, 20, 250, WHITE],
[780, 0, 20, 250, WHITE],
[780, 350, 20, 250, WHITE],
[20, 0, 760, 20, WHITE],
[20, 580, 760, 20, WHITE],
[390, 50, 20, 500, BLUE]
]
# Loop through the list. Create the wall, add it to the list
for item in walls:
wall = Wall(item[0], item[1], item[2], item[3], item[4])
self.wall_list.add(wall)
def main():
pygame.init()
global FPSCLOCK, screen, my_font, munch_sound, bunny_sound, potion_sound, COOKIEVENT, PEVENT, REVENT
FPSCLOCK = pygame.time.Clock()
munch_sound = pygame.mixer.Sound('crunch.wav')
bunny_sound = pygame.mixer.Sound('sneeze.wav')
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((WIDTH,HEIGHT))
my_font = pygame.font.SysFont('Browallia New', 34, bold = False, italic = False)
pygame.display.set_caption('GRABBIT')
#Sounds
pygame.mixer.music.load('Music2.mp3')
pygame.mixer.music.play(-1,0.0)
potion_sound = pygame.mixer.Sound('Correct.wav')
COOKIEVENT = pygame.USEREVENT
pygame.time.set_timer(COOKIEVENT, 3000)
REVENT = pygame.USEREVENT + 3
pygame.time.set_timer(REVENT, 5000)
PEVENT = pygame.USEREVENT + 2
pygame.time.set_timer(PEVENT ,5000)
showStartScreen()
while True:
level1_init()
showGameOverScreen
def level1_init():
global COOKIEVENT, PEVENT, REVENT
finish = False
win = False
gameOverMode = False
move = True
MAXHEALTH = 3
SCORE = 0
count = 10
COOKIEVENT = pygame.USEREVENT
pygame.time.set_timer(COOKIEVENT, 3000)
REVENT = pygame.USEREVENT + 3
pygame.time.set_timer(REVENT, 5000)
PEVENT = pygame.USEREVENT + 2
pygame.time.set_timer(PEVENT ,5000)
while True:
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
terminate()
if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN and event.key == pygame.K_ESCAPE:
terminate()
def drawHealthMeter(currentHealth):
for i in range(currentHealth): # draw health bars
pygame.draw.rect(screen, BLUE, (15, 5 + (10 * MAXHEALTH) - i * 10, 20, 10))
for i in range(MAXHEALTH): # draw the white outlines
pygame.draw.rect(screen, WHITE, (15, 5 + (10 * MAXHEALTH) - i * 10, 20, 10), 1)
if event.type == COOKIEVENT:
if win == False and gameOverMode == False:
add_candy(candies)
if event.type == PEVENT:
if win == False and gameOverMode == False:
add_potion(potions)
if event.type == REVENT:
if win == False and gameOverMode == False:
add_raccoon(raccoons)
if move == True:
if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
if event.key == pygame.K_UP:
hero.rect.top -= TILE_SIZE
elif event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:
hero.rect.top += TILE_SIZE
elif event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
hero.rect.right += TILE_SIZE
elif event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
hero.rect.right -= TILE_SIZE
elif event.key == pygame.K_ESCAPE:
terminate()
screen.fill((DARKGRAY))
grass = pygame.image.load('grass.jpg')
for x in range(int(WIDTH/grass.get_width()+3)):
for y in range(int(HEIGHT/grass.get_height()+3)):
screen.blit(grass,(x*100,y*100))
candies.draw(screen)
pcandies.draw(screen)
potions.draw(screen)
hero_group.draw(screen)
raccoons.draw(screen)
playerObj = {'health': MAXHEALTH}
drawHealthMeter(playerObj['health'])
#Collision with Raccoon
instantdeath = pygame.sprite.groupcollide(hero_group, raccoons, False, True)
if len(instantdeath) > 0:
bunny_sound.play()
MAXHEALTH = 0
#Health Potions
morehealth = pygame.sprite.groupcollide(hero_group, potions, False, True)
if len(morehealth) > 0:
potion_sound.play()
MAXHEALTH = MAXHEALTH + 1
#Collision with Bad Cookies
bad = pygame.sprite.groupcollide(hero_group, pcandies, False, True)
if len(bad) > 0:
bunny_sound.play()
MAXHEALTH = MAXHEALTH - 1
if playerObj['health'] == 0:
gameOverMode = True
move = False
grave.image = pygame.image.load('grave.png')
grave.rect = grave.image.get_rect(left = hero.rect.left, top = hero.rect.top)
screen.blit(grave.image, grave.rect)
#Collision with Good Cookies
collides = pygame.sprite.groupcollide(hero_group, candies, False, True)
if len(collides) > 0:
munch_sound.play()
SCORE += 1
if len(candies) == 0:
win = True
scoretext = my_font.render("Score = "+str(SCORE), 1, (255, 255, 255))
screen.blit(scoretext, (520, 5))
#If you collide with Racoon
if gameOverMode == True:
font = pygame.font.SysFont('Browallia New', 36, bold = False, italic = False)
text_image = font.render("You Lose. Game Over!", True, (255, 255, 255))
text_rect = text_image.get_rect(centerx=WIDTH/2, centery=100)
screen.blit(text_image, text_rect)
if win:
move = False
CEVENT = pygame.USEREVENT + 5
pygame.time.set_timer(CEVENT, 1000)
if count > 0:
if event.type == CEVENT:
count -= 1
text_image = my_font.render('You won! Next level will begin in ' + str(count) + ' seconds', True, (255, 255, 255))
text_rect = text_image.get_rect(centerx=WIDTH/2, centery=100)
screen.blit(text_image, text_rect)
score_text_image = my_font.render("You achieved a score of " + str(SCORE), True, (255, 255, 255))
score_text_rect = score_text_image.get_rect(centerx = WIDTH/2, centery = 150)
screen.blit(score_text_image, score_text_rect)
if count == 0:
showlevel2StartScreen()
win = False
level2_init()
pygame.display.update()
main()
pygame.quit()
ошибка появляется как:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "F:\Year 10\IST\Programming\Pygame\Final Game\Final Game - Grabbit.py", line 426, in <module>
main()
File "F:\Year 10\IST\Programming\Pygame\Final Game\Final Game - Grabbit.py", line 284, in main
level1_init()
File "F:\Year 10\IST\Programming\Pygame\Final Game\Final Game - Grabbit.py", line 324, in level1_init
if event.type == COOKIEVENT:
UnboundLocalError: local variable 'event' referenced before assignment
ли кто-нибудь может предложить то, что я мог сделать, чтобы исправить это? Также оценил бы любые советы по улучшению моего кода. Я начинающий на python, и это первый проект, который я предпринял, используя этот язык кодирования. Спасибо.
Спасибо! Я читал свой код, и я понял сразу после того, как я опубликовал это! –