Rails rspec неожиданный tIDENTIFIER

Question

Я читаю учебник RoR, столкнулся с следующей ошибкой и, похоже, не понял этого. Я скопировал образец кода точно, но мой тест rspec все равно не будет работать (консоль даже не создаст нового пользователя)

Цените любую помощь, спасибо!

Ошибка:

user@ubuntu:~/Ruby/rails_projects/sample_app$ bundle exec rspec spec/ 
No DRb server is running. Running in local process instead ... 
/home/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p327/gems/activesupport-3.2.9/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:245:in `load': /home/user/Ruby/rails_projects/sample_app/spec/models/user_spec.rb:51: syntax error, unexpected tIDENTIFIER, expecting keyword_end (SyntaxError) 
    from /home/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p327/gems/activesupport-3.2.9/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:245:in `block in load' 
    from /home/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p327/gems/activesupport-3.2.9/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:236:in `load_dependency' 
    from /home/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p327/gems/activesupport-3.2.9/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:245:in `load' 
    from /home/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p327/gems/rspec-core-2.11.1/lib/rspec/core/configuration.rb:780:in `block in load_spec_files' 
    from /home/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p327/gems/rspec-core-2.11.1/lib/rspec/core/configuration.rb:780:in `map' 
    from /home/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p327/gems/rspec-core-2.11.1/lib/rspec/core/configuration.rb:780:in `load_spec_files' 
    from /home/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p327/gems/rspec-core-2.11.1/lib/rspec/core/command_line.rb:22:in `run' 
    from /home/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p327/gems/rspec-core-2.11.1/lib/rspec/core/runner.rb:66:in `rescue in run' 
    from /home/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p327/gems/rspec-core-2.11.1/lib/rspec/core/runner.rb:62:in `run' 
    from /home/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p327/gems/rspec-core-2.11.1/lib/rspec/core/runner.rb:8:in `block in autorun' 

вот мой RSpec тест: требуется 'spec_helper'

describe User do 

    before { @user = User.new(name: "Example User", email: "user@example.com") } 

    subject { @user } 

    it { should respond_to(:name) } 
    it { should respond_to(:email) } 

    it { should be_valid } 

    describe "when name is not present" do 
    before { @user.name = " " } 
    it { should_not be_valid } 
    end 

    describe "when name is too long" do 
    before { @user.name = "a"* 51 } 
    it { should_not be_valid } 
    end 

    describe "when email format is not valid" do 
    it "should be invalid" do 
     addresses = %w[user@foo,com user_at_foo.org example.user@foo. 
        foo@bar_baz.com foo@bar+baz.com] 
     addresses.each do |invalid_address| 
     @user.email = invalid_address 
     @user.should_not be_valid 
     end 
    end 
    end 

    describe "when email format is valid" do 
    it "should be valid" do 
     addresses = %w[user@foo.com A_US-ER@f.b.org first.last@foo.jp a+b@baz.cn] 
     addresses.each do |valid_address| 
     @user.email = valid_address| 
     @user.should be_valid 
     end 
    end 
    end 

    describe "when email address is already taken" do 
    before do 
     user_with_same_email = @user.dup 
     user_with_same_email.email = @user.email.upcase 
     user_with_same_email.save 
    end 

    it { should_not be_valid } 
    end 
end 

А вот моя модель пользователя:

class User < ActiveRecord::Base 
    attr_accessible :name, :email, :password, :password_confirmation 
    has_secure_password 

    before_save { |user| user.email = email.downcase } 

    validates :name, presence: true, length: { maximum: 50 } 
    VALID_EMAIL_REGEX = /\A[\w+\-.]+@[a-z\d\-.]+\.[a-z]+\z/i 
    validates :email, presence: true, 
        format:  { with: VALID_EMAIL_REGEX }, 
        uniqueness: { case_sensitive: false } 
    validates :password, presence: true, length: { minimum: 6 } 
    validates :password_confirmation, presence: true 
end 

Answer 1

Эта линия имеет опечатка:

@user.email = valid_address| 

Существует trailing | что не должно быть