Группа MySQL по часам

Question

Я пытаюсь получить отчет из таблицы истории почасовое использование. history стол;

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `history` (
`history_id` int(11) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, 
`user_id` int(11) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0', 
`created` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP, 
PRIMARY KEY (`history_id`), 
KEY `user_id` (`user_id`), 
KEY `created` (`created`) 
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_unicode_ci AUTO_INCREMENT=1 ; 

Я хочу группе HOUR и COUNT всех записей в заданном диапазоне дат.

Hours   | Usage 
------------------------------------ 
00:00-01:00  |  5 
01:00-02:00  |  9 
02:00-03:00  |  0 (or NULL) 
03:00-04:00  |  20 
... 
... 
... 
22:00-23:00  |  11 
23:00-00:00  |  1 

Я использовал запрос примерно так, но он не отображает все часы.

SELECT 

CASE 
    WHEN HOUR(created) BETWEEN 0 AND 1 THEN '00:00 - 01:00' 
    WHEN HOUR(created) BETWEEN 1 AND 2 THEN '01:00 - 02:00' 
    WHEN HOUR(created) BETWEEN 2 AND 3 THEN '02:00 - 03:00' 
    WHEN HOUR(created) BETWEEN 3 AND 4 THEN '03:00 - 04:00' 
    WHEN HOUR(created) BETWEEN 4 AND 5 THEN '04:00 - 05:00' 
    WHEN HOUR(created) BETWEEN 5 AND 6 THEN '05:00 - 06:00' 
    WHEN HOUR(created) BETWEEN 6 AND 7 THEN '06:00 - 07:00' 
    WHEN HOUR(created) BETWEEN 7 AND 8 THEN '07:00 - 08:00' 
    WHEN HOUR(created) BETWEEN 8 AND 9 THEN '08:00 - 09:00' 
    WHEN HOUR(created) BETWEEN 9 AND 10 THEN '09:00 - 10:00' 
    WHEN HOUR(created) BETWEEN 10 AND 11 THEN '10:00 - 11:00' 
    WHEN HOUR(created) BETWEEN 11 AND 12 THEN '11:00 - 12:00' 
    WHEN HOUR(created) BETWEEN 12 AND 13 THEN '12:00 - 13:00' 
    WHEN HOUR(created) BETWEEN 13 AND 14 THEN '13:00 - 14:00' 
    WHEN HOUR(created) BETWEEN 14 AND 15 THEN '14:00 - 15:00' 
    WHEN HOUR(created) BETWEEN 15 AND 16 THEN '15:00 - 16:00' 
    WHEN HOUR(created) BETWEEN 16 AND 17 THEN '16:00 - 17:00' 
    WHEN HOUR(created) BETWEEN 17 AND 18 THEN '17:00 - 18:00' 
    WHEN HOUR(created) BETWEEN 18 AND 19 THEN '18:00 - 19:00' 
    WHEN HOUR(created) BETWEEN 19 AND 20 THEN '19:00 - 20:00' 
    WHEN HOUR(created) BETWEEN 20 AND 21 THEN '20:00 - 21:00' 
    WHEN HOUR(created) BETWEEN 21 AND 22 THEN '21:00 - 23:00' 
    WHEN HOUR(created) BETWEEN 22 AND 23 THEN '22:00 - 23:00' 
    WHEN HOUR(created) BETWEEN 23 AND 24 THEN '23:00 - 00:00' 
END AS `Hours`, 

COUNT(*) AS `usage` 
FROM history 
WHERE (created BETWEEN '2012-02-07' AND NOW()) 
GROUP BY 
    CASE 
    WHEN HOUR(created) BETWEEN 0 AND 1 THEN 1 
    WHEN HOUR(created) BETWEEN 1 AND 2 THEN 2 
    WHEN HOUR(created) BETWEEN 2 AND 3 THEN 3 
    WHEN HOUR(created) BETWEEN 3 AND 4 THEN 4 
    WHEN HOUR(created) BETWEEN 4 AND 5 THEN 5 
    WHEN HOUR(created) BETWEEN 5 AND 6 THEN 6 
    WHEN HOUR(created) BETWEEN 6 AND 7 THEN 7 
    WHEN HOUR(created) BETWEEN 7 AND 8 THEN 8 
    WHEN HOUR(created) BETWEEN 8 AND 9 THEN 9 
    WHEN HOUR(created) BETWEEN 9 AND 10 THEN 10 
    WHEN HOUR(created) BETWEEN 10 AND 11 THEN 11 
    WHEN HOUR(created) BETWEEN 11 AND 12 THEN 12 
    WHEN HOUR(created) BETWEEN 12 AND 13 THEN 13 
    WHEN HOUR(created) BETWEEN 13 AND 14 THEN 14 
    WHEN HOUR(created) BETWEEN 14 AND 15 THEN 15 
    WHEN HOUR(created) BETWEEN 15 AND 16 THEN 16 
    WHEN HOUR(created) BETWEEN 16 AND 17 THEN 17 
    WHEN HOUR(created) BETWEEN 17 AND 18 THEN 18 
    WHEN HOUR(created) BETWEEN 18 AND 19 THEN 19 
    WHEN HOUR(created) BETWEEN 19 AND 20 THEN 20 
    WHEN HOUR(created) BETWEEN 20 AND 21 THEN 21 
    WHEN HOUR(created) BETWEEN 21 AND 22 THEN 22 
    WHEN HOUR(created) BETWEEN 22 AND 23 THEN 23 
    WHEN HOUR(created) BETWEEN 23 AND 24 THEN 24 
END 

Отображается, только если имеются записи.

Hours   | Usage 
------------------------------------ 
00:00-01:00  |  5 
01:00-02:00  |  9 
23:00-00:00  |  1 

Answer 1

Ваш существующий запрос может быть уменьшен до:

SELECT CONCAT(HOUR(created), ':00-', HOUR(created)+1, ':00') AS Hours 
    ,  COUNT(*) AS `usage` 
FROM  history 
WHERE created BETWEEN '2012-02-07' AND NOW() 
GROUP BY HOUR(created) 

Для отображения каждый часа, в том числе тех, для которых нет никаких данных, вам необходимо внешнего соединения с таблицей, содержащей все часы для которых вам нужны данные. Вы можете создать такую ​​таблицу в запросе с помощью UNION:

SELECT CONCAT(Hour, ':00-', Hour+1, ':00') AS Hours 
    ,  COUNT(created) AS `usage` 
FROM  history 
    RIGHT JOIN (
        SELECT 0 AS Hour 
     UNION ALL SELECT 1 UNION ALL SELECT 2 UNION ALL SELECT 3 
     UNION ALL SELECT 4 UNION ALL SELECT 5 UNION ALL SELECT 6 
     UNION ALL SELECT 7 UNION ALL SELECT 8 UNION ALL SELECT 9 
     UNION ALL SELECT 10 UNION ALL SELECT 11 UNION ALL SELECT 12 
     UNION ALL SELECT 13 UNION ALL SELECT 14 UNION ALL SELECT 15 
     UNION ALL SELECT 16 UNION ALL SELECT 17 UNION ALL SELECT 18 
     UNION ALL SELECT 19 UNION ALL SELECT 20 UNION ALL SELECT 21 
     UNION ALL SELECT 22 UNION ALL SELECT 23 
)  AS AllHours ON HOUR(created) = Hour 
WHERE created BETWEEN '2012-02-07' AND NOW() OR created IS NULL 
GROUP BY Hour 
ORDER BY Hour 

Однако лечение групп, для которых не существует никаких данных действительно вопрос для бизнес-логики, что лучше всего поместить в ваш слой доступа к данным, а не в базе данных само по себе: действительно, для вашего приложения должно быть тривиально использовать нулевое значение всякий раз, когда час отсутствует.

Answer 2

Учитывая таблицу журнала с колоннами TS и значение следующее даст среднюю почасовую за последние 24 часа (при условии, каждый час имеет, по меньшей мере, одну строку).

SELECT 
    FROM_UNIXTIME(TRUNCATE(UNIX_TIMESTAMP(`ts`)/3600, 0) * 3600) as h, 
    AVG(`value`) as v, 
    COUNT(*) as q 
FROM 
    Log 
GROUP BY 
    h 
ORDER BY 
    h desc 
LIMIT 
    24 

Столбец ц может быть отметка времени или даты и времени столбец, а значение это то, что) будет принимать (AVG.