У меня ошибка со словарями Python 2.7

Question

Словарь, который я сделал, заменяет буквы тире (-) и двумя числами. В моем словаре "t" = "- 21". И когда я вызываю «t» из словаря, я получаю «-21». Но когда я звоню replace_all(text, dic), выход «-2--5-63-5-63» Любая идея, что пойдет не так?

Python 2.7.10 (default, May 23 2015, 09:44:00) [MSC v.1500 64 bit (AMD64)] on win32 
Type "copyright", "credits" or "license()" for more information. 
>>> ldic3 = {"a":"-02","b":"-03","c":"-04","d":"-05","e":"-06","f":"-07","g":"-08","h":"-09","i":"-10","j":"-11","k":"-12","l":"-13","m":"-14","n":"-15","o":"-16","p":"-17","q":"-18","r":"-19","s":"-20","t":"-21","u":"-22","v":"-23","w":"-24","x":"-25","y":"-26","z":"-27","A":"-28","B":"-29","C":"-30","D":"-31","E":"-32","F":"-33","G":"-34","H":"-35","I":"-36","J":"-37","K":"-38","L":"-39","M":"-40","N":"-41","O":"-42","P":"-43","Q":"-44","R":"-45","S":"-46","T":"-47","U":"-48","V":"-49","W":"-50","X":"-51","Y":"-52","Z":"-53","0":"-54","1":"-55","2":"-56","3":"-57","4":"-58","5":"-59","6":"-60","7":"-61","8":"-62","9":"-63"} 
>>> def replace_all(text, dic): 
    for i, j in dic.iteritems(): 
     text = text.replace(i, j) 
    return text 
#Example A 
>>> var = "t" 
>>> var2 = replace_all(var, ldic3) 
>>> var2 
'-2--5-63-5-63' 
>>> ldic3["t"] 
'-21' 
#Example B 
>>> var = "a" 
>>> var2 = replace_all(var, ldic3) 
>>> var2 
'-02' 
>>> 

Быстрое редактирование:

Это означало, чтобы сделать текст нечитаемым, изменив его снова и снова. Я не могу превратить свою строку в свой словарь, не нарушая мою программу. Это предназначено для изменения символов во всех абзацах за раз.

Кроме того, код для «replace_all (text, dic)» - это то, что я нашел в Интернете, и я не уверен, как это работает.

Вот моя программа:

from Tkinter import * 
import time 

def replace_all(text, dic): 
    for i, j in dic.iteritems(): 
     text = text.replace(i, j) 
    return text 

passchar = {"a":"0","b":"1","c":"2","d":"3","e":"0","f":"1","g":"2","h":"3","i":"0","j":"1","k":"2","l":"3","m":"0","n":"1","o":"2","p":"3","q":"0","r":"1","s":"2","t":"3","u":"0","v":"1","w":"2","x":"3","y":"0","z":"1"," ":""} 
ldic0 = {"a":"-82","b":"-93","c":"-11","d":"-91","e":"-88","f":"-27","g":"-01","h":"-17","i":"-72","j":"-90","k":"-99","l":"-42","m":"-21","n":"-12","o":"-81","p":"-28","q":"-73","r":"-96","s":"-92","t":"-87","u":"-86","v":"-62","w":"-00","x":"-31","y":"-69","z":"-77","A":"-02","B":"-09","C":"-43","D":"-10","E":"-46","F":"-78","G":"-13","H":"-24","I":"-35","J":"-46","K":"-05","L":"-83","M":"-96","N":"-70","O":"-98","P":"-48","Q":"-29","R":"-32","S":"-52","T":"-94","U":"-53","V":"-66","W":"-44","X":"-51","Y":"-71","Z":"-80","0":"-97","1":"-39","2":"-26","3":"-54","4":"-22","5":"-07","6":"-40","7":"-30","8":"-50","9":"-60"} 
ldic1 = {"a":"-01","b":"-02","c":"-03","d":"-04","e":"-05","f":"-06","g":"-07","h":"-08","i":"-09","j":"-10","k":"-11","l":"-12","m":"-13","n":"-14","o":"-15","p":"-16","q":"-17","r":"-18","s":"-19","t":"-20","u":"-21","v":"-22","w":"-23","x":"-24","y":"-25","z":"-26","A":"-27","B":"-28","C":"-29","D":"-30","E":"-31","F":"-32","G":"-33","H":"-34","I":"-35","J":"-36","K":"-37","L":"-38","M":"-39","N":"-40","O":"-41","P":"-42","Q":"-43","R":"-44","S":"-45","T":"-46","U":"-47","V":"-48","W":"-49","X":"-50","y":"-51","Z":"-52","0":"-53","1":"-54","2":"-55","3":"-56","4":"-57","5":"-58","6":"-59","7":"-60","8":"-61","9":"-62"} 
ldic2 = {"a":"-02","b":"-03","c":"-04","d":"-05","e":"-06","f":"-07","g":"-08","h":"-09","i":"-10","j":"-11","k":"-12","l":"-13","m":"-14","n":"-15","o":"-16","p":"-17","q":"-18","r":"-19","s":"-20","t":"-21","u":"-22","v":"-23","w":"-24","x":"-25","y":"-26","z":"-27","A":"-28","B":"-29","C":"-30","D":"-31","E":"-32","F":"-33","G":"-34","H":"-35","I":"-36","J":"-37","K":"-38","L":"-39","M":"-40","N":"-41","O":"-42","P":"-43","Q":"-44","R":"-45","S":"-46","T":"-47","U":"-48","V":"-49","W":"-50","X":"-51","Y":"-52","Z":"-53","0":"-54","1":"-55","2":"-56","3":"-57","4":"-58","5":"-59","6":"-60","7":"-61","8":"-62","9":"-63"} 
ldic3 = {"a":"-02","b":"-03","c":"-04","d":"-05","e":"-06","f":"-07","g":"-08","h":"-09","i":"-10","j":"-11","k":"-12","l":"-13","m":"-14","n":"-15","o":"-16","p":"-17","q":"-18","r":"-19","s":"-20","t":"-21","u":"-22","v":"-23","w":"-24","x":"-25","y":"-26","z":"-27","A":"-28","B":"-29","C":"-30","D":"-31","E":"-32","F":"-33","G":"-34","H":"-35","I":"-36","J":"-37","K":"-38","L":"-39","M":"-40","N":"-41","O":"-42","P":"-43","Q":"-44","R":"-45","S":"-46","T":"-47","U":"-48","V":"-49","W":"-50","X":"-51","Y":"-52","Z":"-53","0":"-54","1":"-55","2":"-56","3":"-57","4":"-58","5":"-59","6":"-60","7":"-61","8":"-62","9":"-63"} 
#ldic3 = {"a":"-62","b":"-61","c":"-60","d":"-59","e":"-58","f":"-57","g":"-56","h":"-55","i":"-54","j":"-53","k":"-52","l":"-51","m":"-50","n":"-49","o":"-48","p":"-47","q":"-46","r":"-45","s":"-44","t":"-43","u":"-42","v":"-41","w":"-40","x":"-39","y":"-38","z":"-37","A":"-36","B":"-35","C":"-34","D":"-33","E":"-32","F":"-31","G":"-30","H":"-29","I":"-28","J":"-27","K":"-26","L":"-25","M":"-24","N":"-23","O":"-22","P":"-21","Q":"-20","R":"-19","S":"-18","T":"-17","U":"-16","V":"-15","W":"-14","X":"-13","Y":"-12","Z":"-10","0":"-09","1":"-08","2":"-07","3":"-06","4","-05","5":"-04","6":"-03","7":"-02","8":"-01","9":"-00"} 

ndic0 = {"0":"3","1":"4","2":"1","3":"7","4":"9","5":"8","6":"2","7":"5","8":"6","9":"0"} 
ndic1 = {"0":"1","1":"4","2":"3","3":"5","4":"0","5":"8","6":"2","7":"6","8":"9","9":"7"} 
ndic2 = {"0":"2","1":"9","2":"8","3":"4","4":"7","5":"3","6":"0","7":"1","8":"6","9":"5"} 
ndic3 = {"0":"4","1":"2","2":"3","3":"9","4":"0","5":"1","6":"7","7":"8","8":"6","9":"5"} 


class Application(Frame): 

    def __init__(self, master): 
     #Initialize the frame 
     Frame.__init__(self,master) 
     self.grid() 
     self.create_widgets() 

    def create_widgets(self): 
     self.instruction = Label(self, text = "ENCRYPTION KEY:") 
     self.instruction.grid(row = 0, column = 1, columnspan = 2, sticky = N) #sticky = direction W = West 

     self.key = Entry(self) #Promps for user input 
     self.key.grid(row = 1, column = 2, sticky = N) 

    #SPACER1 
     self.spacer1 = Label(self, text = " ") 
     self.spacer1.grid(row = 2, column = 0, columnspan = 2, sticky = N) 

#------------- 
    #ENCRYPT BUTTON 
     self.encrypt_button = Button(self, width = 18, height = 2, text ="ENCRYPT", command = self.textboxa1) 
     self.encrypt_button.grid(row = 3, column = 0, sticky = N) 

    #CLEAR BUTTON 
     self.clear_button = Button(self, text ="CLEAR", width = 18, command = self.clearboxes) 
     self.clear_button.grid(row = 3, column = 2, sticky = N) 

    #DECRYPT BUTTON 
     self.decrypt_button = Button(self, width = 18, height = 2, text ="DECRYPT",) #command = self.textboxa2 
     self.decrypt_button.grid(row = 3, column = 3, sticky = N) 

    #Top TextBox 
     self.textbox1 = Text(self, width = 50, height = 15, wrap = WORD) # wrap = WORD CHAR or NONE 
     self.textbox1.grid(row = 4, column = 0, columnspan = 4, sticky = N) 

#------------- 
    #SPACER2 
     self.spacer2 = Label(self, text = " ") 
     self.spacer2.grid(row = 5, column = 0, columnspan = 2, sticky = N) 

    #Bottom TextBox 
     self.textbox2 = Text(self, width = 50, height = 15, wrap = WORD) 
     self.textbox2.grid(row = 6, column = 0, columnspan = 4, sticky = N) 


    def textboxa1(self): 
     keyvar = self.key.get() 
     textvar = self.textbox1.get(0.0, END) 
     keyvarl = len(keyvar) 
     if keyvarl > 25 or keyvarl < 3: 
      self.textbox2.delete(0.0, END) 
      self.textbox2.insert(0.0, '"' + keyvar + '"' + " -ERROR PASSWORD MUST BE 3 - 25 CHARACTERS LONG") 
     else: 
      step = 0 
      num = 0 
      passcode = replace_all(keyvar, passchar) 
      #self.textbox2.delete(0.0, END) 
      #self.textbox2.insert(0.0, "start") 
      for i in range(keyvarl): 
       char = list(passcode) 
       dig = passcode[num] 
       self.textbox2.insert(0.0, "") 
       if dig == "0": 
        if step == 0: 
         step = 1 
         textvar2 = replace_all(textvar, ldic0) 
         #time.sleep(0.5) 
         #self.textbox2.insert(0.0, "0") 
        else: 
         textvar2 = replace_all(textvar2, ndic0) 
         #time.sleep(0.5) 
         #self.textbox2.insert(0.0, "0") 
       elif dig == "1": 
        if step == 0: 
         step = 1 
         textvar2 = replace_all(textvar, ldic1) 
         #time.sleep(0.5) 
         #self.textbox2.insert(0.0, "1") 
        else: 
         textvar2 = replace_all(textvar2, ndic1) 
         #time.sleep(0.5) 
         #self.textbox2.insert(0.0, "1") 
       elif dig == "2": 
        if step == 0: 
         step = 1 
         textvar2 = replace_all(textvar, ldic2) 
         #time.sleep(0.5) 
         #self.textbox2.insert(0.0, "2") 
        else: 
         textvar2 = replace_all(textvar2, ndic2) 
         #time.sleep(0.5) 
         #self.textbox2.insert(0.0, "2") 
       else: 
        if step == 0: 
         step = 1 
         textvar2 = replace_all(textvar, ldic3) 
         #time.sleep(0.5) 
         #self.textbox2.insert(0.0, "3") 
        else: 
         textvar2 = replace_all(textvar2, ndic3) 
         #time.sleep(0.5) 
         #self.textbox2.insert(0.0, "3") 
       keyvar2 = keyvarl - 1 
       if i == keyvar2: 
        #self.textbox2.delete(0.0, END) 
        self.textbox2.insert(0.0, textvar2 + textvar) 
       else: 
        #self.textbox2.delete(0.0, END) 
        self.textbox2.insert(0.0, textvar2 + textvar) 
        self.textbox2.insert(0.0, keyvar2) 
        self.textbox2.insert(0.0, " of ") 
        self.textbox2.insert(0.0, num) 
        self.textbox2.insert(0.0, "Step: ") 
        # self.textbox2.insert(0.0, textvar2 + textvar) 
       num = num + 1 



    # def textboxa2(self): 
     # input1 = self.key.get() 
     # input2 = self.textbox1.get(0.0, END) 

     # self.textbox2.delete(0.0, END) 
     # self.textbox2.insert(0.0, input1 + input2) 

    def clearboxes(self): 
     self.textbox1.delete(0.0, END) 
     self.textbox2.delete(0.0, END) 









root = Tk() 
root.title("FirePie Demo - Message Encryptor!") 
root.geometry("403x630") 
app = Application(root) 

root.mainloop() 

Answer 1

"т" заменяется "-21"

Затем "1" заменяется на "-55"

Тогда оба "5" s являются заменяется на «-59», в результате чего «-2-59-59»

Затем оба «9» заменены на «-63», в результате чего «-2--5-63-5-63 ", который возвращается.

Если вы хотите, чтобы не заменить письма, полученные от одного из предыдущих замен, рассмотреть возможность замены букв один в момент времени:

def replace_all(text, dic): 
    return ''.join(dic.get(x, x) for x in text) 

в get здесь второй x является значением по умолчанию в случае dict не есть ключ x.

Answer 2

Я думаю, что вы усложнять это слишком много. Вы пытаетесь заменить строку тем, что не существует слишком много раз, прежде чем вы действительно захотите сделать.

Попробуйте это:

def replace_all(text, dic): 
    return ''.join([dic[i] for i in text]) 

Answer 3

Это не ошибка. Вы должны помнить, что 't' не будет первым, ни последним пунктом в итерации dict.

Я редактировал свой код, чтобы проследить ошибку:

def replace_all(text, dic): 
    for i, j in dic.iteritems(): 
     text2 = text.replace(i, j) 
     if text2 != text: 
      print(i) 
      text = text2 
    return text 

Он печатает следующее

t 
1 
5 
9 

Вы должны учитывать возможные ошибки в коде, когда вы строите его здесь: здесь вы хотите заменить только «t», а не все после события замены.

Это означает, что он сначала заменяет «t» на «-21», затем «1» на «-55» и так далее. Возможно, вы захотите добавить оператор break или явно изменить значение .

Answer 4

Я добавил несколько заявлений на печать, чтобы показать, что происходит.

>>> def replace_all(text, dic): 
    print text 
    for i, j in dic.iteritems(): 
     text = text.replace(i, j) 
     print "i: %s, j: %s, text: %s" % (i,j,text) 
    return text 

>>> var2 = replace_all(var, ldic3) 
t 
i: 0, j: -54, text: t 
i: 2, j: -56, text: t 
i: 4, j: -58, text: t 
i: 6, j: -60, text: t 
i: 8, j: -62, text: t 
i: B, j: -29, text: t 
i: D, j: -31, text: t 
i: F, j: -33, text: t 
i: H, j: -35, text: t 
i: J, j: -37, text: t 
i: L, j: -39, text: t 
i: N, j: -41, text: t 
i: P, j: -43, text: t 
i: R, j: -45, text: t 
i: T, j: -47, text: t 
i: V, j: -49, text: t 
i: X, j: -51, text: t 
i: Z, j: -53, text: t 
i: b, j: -03, text: t 
i: d, j: -05, text: t 
i: f, j: -07, text: t 
i: h, j: -09, text: t 
i: j, j: -11, text: t 
i: l, j: -13, text: t 
i: n, j: -15, text: t 
i: p, j: -17, text: t 
i: r, j: -19, text: t 
i: t, j: -21, text: -21 
i: v, j: -23, text: -21 
i: x, j: -25, text: -21 
i: z, j: -27, text: -21 
i: 1, j: -55, text: -2-55 
i: 3, j: -57, text: -2-55 
i: 5, j: -59, text: -2--59-59 
i: 7, j: -61, text: -2--59-59 
i: 9, j: -63, text: -2--5-63-5-63 
i: A, j: -28, text: -2--5-63-5-63 
i: C, j: -30, text: -2--5-63-5-63 
i: E, j: -32, text: -2--5-63-5-63 
i: G, j: -34, text: -2--5-63-5-63 
i: I, j: -36, text: -2--5-63-5-63 
i: K, j: -38, text: -2--5-63-5-63 
i: M, j: -40, text: -2--5-63-5-63 
i: O, j: -42, text: -2--5-63-5-63 
i: Q, j: -44, text: -2--5-63-5-63 
i: S, j: -46, text: -2--5-63-5-63 
i: U, j: -48, text: -2--5-63-5-63 
i: W, j: -50, text: -2--5-63-5-63 
i: Y, j: -52, text: -2--5-63-5-63 
i: a, j: -02, text: -2--5-63-5-63 
i: c, j: -04, text: -2--5-63-5-63 
i: e, j: -06, text: -2--5-63-5-63 
i: g, j: -08, text: -2--5-63-5-63 
i: i, j: -10, text: -2--5-63-5-63 
i: k, j: -12, text: -2--5-63-5-63 
i: m, j: -14, text: -2--5-63-5-63 
i: o, j: -16, text: -2--5-63-5-63 
i: q, j: -18, text: -2--5-63-5-63 
i: s, j: -20, text: -2--5-63-5-63 
i: u, j: -22, text: -2--5-63-5-63 
i: w, j: -24, text: -2--5-63-5-63 
i: y, j: -26, text: -2--5-63-5-63 

Таким образом, вы видите, это правильно находит t и заменяет его -21. О, но тогда он также находит 1 и заменяет его -55. И затем оба 5 s заменяются на -59. И, наконец, оба 9 s заменяются на -63. Для решений TerryA's answer и Ishmael's answer оба выглядят хорошо.

Answer 5

Только map() это в словарь с методом get().

result = ''.join(map(ldic3.get, var))